Chrome/Chrome OS Version: Not sure, I no longer have access to the device. I don't think it matters.
Chrome OS Platform: AOpen Chromebox Mini
Network info: not sure, probably doesn't matter.

Please specify Cr-* of the system to which this bug/feature applies (add
the label below).

Steps To Reproduce:
(1) Set up an AOPen Chromebox Mini for the first time, using French locale.
(2) Look at the ChromeOS welcome screen once installation is complete. 

Expected Result:

The pictures should vaguely look like a Chromebox, and the text should be adapted for a device that isn't a laptop.

Actual Result:

There are many laptop-specific things: mentions of the computer's "pavé tactile" ("touchpad"), battery, pictures of a laptop, etc. It's pretty weird confusing.

How frequently does this problem reproduce? (Always, sometimes, hard to
reproduce?)

Pretty sure you can reproduce it deterministically.

What is the impact to the user, and is there a workaround? If so, what is
it?

No workaround. It's just weird.