This  is not a localization bug. Can't confirm that it's still relevant to the current English UI.

Tested on Chrome Stable #59.0.3071.115 and Canary #61.0.3148.0 on Windows 10, and issue is reproducible. 
 
Using the per-revision bisect providing the bisect results,
 
Good Build:58.0.3014.0  (Revision:450840).
Bad Build:58.0.3015.0 (Revision:451180).
 
---
You are probably looking for a change made after 451006 (known good), but no later than 451007 (first known bad).
CHANGELOG URL: https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+log/953322582e01e05f831456fecea0d48af331f16f..f26ccb9043c276fb76b875f90361ef5b58acc510
 
From the CL above, assigning the issue to the owner concerned
 
@hcarmona: Could you please look into the issue, pardon me if it has nothing to do with your changes and if possible please assign it to owner concerned.
 
Review-URL:https://codereview.chromium.org/2651293003

Alan, I think this just needs your call on whether you prefer to have the icons at the top (with the first line of text) or centered on the wrapped text (where it may appear next to the middle line of text). 

Either way is easy - just say what you'd like.

Discussed offline, Lets go with icons_centered.png 

The following revision refers to this bug:
  https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src.git/+/e37ce5a951d217c5997d0346f0473028bcbd4131

commit e37ce5a951d217c5997d0346f0473028bcbd4131
Author: dpapad <dpapad@chromium.org>
Date: Wed Jul 12 04:16:34 2017

MD Settings: Center icons in navigation menu.

Bug:  730904 
Change-Id: Id37a8a9c5d9e7ec5d5112ad2567a6c376c6e591e
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/567332
Reviewed-by: Dave Schuyler <dschuyler@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Demetrios Papadopoulos <dpapad@chromium.org>
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#485848}
[modify] https://crrev.com/e37ce5a951d217c5997d0346f0473028bcbd4131/chrome/browser/resources/settings/settings_menu/settings_menu.html

Tested this issue on Windows 7, Mac 10.12.5 & Ubuntu 14.04 using latest dev #61.0.3159.5 as per comment#0.

Observed that all the icons are placed centered on chrome://settings page after changing the language to Greek.As it is working as intended, adding TE verified labels.
Please find the attached screen cast for reference.
Thanks..!!

Deleted: 730904.mp4 561 KB

	730904.mp4 561 KB View Download

I have verified these changes on M62.