Using hardware accelerated shows the glitches, software rendering doesn't  have the problem.

Problem can be observed under linux as well.

Did bisect, seems to point to this skia deps roll:
https://chromium.googlesource.com/skia/+log/119468b..3538e3b

This seems like the most likely candidate:

876f48b Adjust tolerance to fix GPU hairline curve issues by jvanverth · 12 months ago

Yes, that appears to be it. Odd that it doesn't happen with Windows.

The following revision refers to this bug:
  https://skia.googlesource.com/skia.git/+/45a6f49ef9ff276e08025d0d2ba6a821a96d3f34

commit 45a6f49ef9ff276e08025d0d2ba6a821a96d3f34
Author: xidachen <xidachen@chromium.org>
Date: Fri Apr 29 01:25:25 2016

Adjust tolerance to fix bezier glitches issue

In a previous CL: https://codereview.chromium.org/1126793003, the value
of gDegenerateToLineTol was changed from 1.0 to 0.25 which caused the
bezier glitches.

This CL changes the value to SK_ScalarRoot2Over2, with this change the
bezier curve looks fine, and the result of the layout tests pointed out
in this bug: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=472847
is also reasonable.

BUG=605439
GOLD_TRYBOT_URL= https://gold.skia.org/search2?unt=true&query=source_type%3Dgm&master=false&issue=1926063002

Review-Url: https://codereview.chromium.org/1926063002

[modify] https://crrev.com/45a6f49ef9ff276e08025d0d2ba6a821a96d3f34/src/gpu/batches/GrAAHairLinePathRenderer.cpp

The following revision refers to this bug:
  https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src.git/+/2d4560e2c716abd26f3476ff92056d1f1f5f8f02

commit 2d4560e2c716abd26f3476ff92056d1f1f5f8f02
Author: skia-deps-roller <skia-deps-roller@chromium.org>
Date: Fri Apr 29 02:44:13 2016

Roll src/third_party/skia/ 4df1656f0..45a6f49ef (1 commit).

https://chromium.googlesource.com/skia.git/+log/4df1656f0f72..45a6f49ef9ff

$ git log 4df1656f0..45a6f49ef --date=short --no-merges --format='%ad %ae %s'
2016-04-28 xidachen Adjust tolerance to fix bezier glitches issue

BUG=605439

CQ_INCLUDE_TRYBOTS=tryserver.blink:linux_blink_rel
TBR=stephana@google.com

Review-Url: https://codereview.chromium.org/1931183002
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#390580}

[modify] https://crrev.com/2d4560e2c716abd26f3476ff92056d1f1f5f8f02/DEPS

The following revision refers to this bug:
  https://skia.googlesource.com/skia.git/+/cfeb85fa6a2fcebc0c54f08f313058bae7258e63

commit cfeb85fa6a2fcebc0c54f08f313058bae7258e63
Author: jvanverth <jvanverth@google.com>
Date: Fri Apr 29 14:38:10 2016

Revert of Adjust tolerance to fix bezier glitches issue (patchset #1 id:1 of https://codereview.chromium.org/1926063002/ )

Reason for revert:
This is causing undesirable image failures in a large number of Skia GMs.

Original issue's description:
> Adjust tolerance to fix bezier glitches issue
>
> In a previous CL: https://codereview.chromium.org/1126793003, the value
> of gDegenerateToLineTol was changed from 1.0 to 0.25 which caused the
> bezier glitches.
>
> This CL changes the value to SK_ScalarRoot2Over2, with this change the
> bezier curve looks fine, and the result of the layout tests pointed out
> in this bug: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=472847
> is also reasonable.
>
> BUG=605439
> GOLD_TRYBOT_URL= https://gold.skia.org/search2?unt=true&query=source_type%3Dgm&master=false&issue=1926063002
>
> Committed: https://skia.googlesource.com/skia/+/45a6f49ef9ff276e08025d0d2ba6a821a96d3f34

TBR=robertphillips@google.com,xidachen@chromium.org
# Skipping CQ checks because original CL landed less than 1 days ago.
NOPRESUBMIT=true
NOTREECHECKS=true
NOTRY=true
BUG=605439

Review-Url: https://codereview.chromium.org/1933733002

[modify] https://crrev.com/cfeb85fa6a2fcebc0c54f08f313058bae7258e63/src/gpu/batches/GrAAHairLinePathRenderer.cpp

I don't think changing the tolerance is the correct fix. The artifacts seen are probably due to errors in the GPU quadratic curve rendering algorithm -- if a quad has high curvature the calculation of the distance to the curve (which is used to figure out whether to turn a pixel on or off) breaks down at the point of high curvature. For quadratics that are given to Skia, these are chopped at points of high curvature. For those generated from cubics, we don't do that chop. 

The following revision refers to this bug:
  https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src.git/+/938475d078e1326dc517c4202e58531886ac777f

commit 938475d078e1326dc517c4202e58531886ac777f
Author: skia-deps-roller <skia-deps-roller@chromium.org>
Date: Fri Apr 29 20:49:36 2016

Roll src/third_party/skia/ 219ac2bc0..817fed3cb (16 commits).

https://chromium.googlesource.com/skia.git/+log/219ac2bc091d..817fed3cb7d8

$ git log 219ac2bc0..817fed3cb --date=short --no-merges --format='%ad %ae %s'
2016-04-29 benjaminwagner Revert of Make stencils be attachable to render targets created via SkSurface::MakeFromBackendTextureAsRender… (patchset #5 id:80001 of https://codereview.chromium.org/1924183003/ )
2016-04-29 msarett Revert of Introduce SkGammas type to represent ICC gamma curves (patchset #7 id:40002 of https://codereview.chromium.org/1928123002/ )
2016-04-29 msarett Introduce SkGammas type to represent ICC gamma curves
2016-04-29 liyuqian Fix Vulkan Build in Android
2016-04-29 jvanverth Don't mark mipmaps dirty if uploading > 1 levels
2016-04-29 msarett Add ColorCodecSrc for testing/comparison on color corrected decodes
2016-04-29 mtklein remove SkWriteBuffer::reserve()
2016-04-29 bsalomon Use constexpr constructors of GrStencilSettings rather than hacky macro system.
2016-04-29 bungeman Remove skstd::is_function.
2016-04-29 djsollen Require Android SDK copy of CMake to build Vulkan on Android. GOLD_TRYBOT_URL= https://gold.skia.org/search2?unt=true&query=source_type%3Dgm&master=false&issue=1930423002
2016-04-29 jvanverth Revert of Adjust tolerance to fix bezier glitches issue (patchset #1 id:1 of https://codereview.chromium.org/1926063002/ )
2016-04-29 bungeman Update running Chromium trybots on Skia CLs docs.
2016-04-29 bsalomon Unify implementations of stroking radius calculationsns GOLD_TRYBOT_URL= https://gold.skia.org/search2?unt=true&query=source_type%3Dgm&master=false&issue=1928133002
2016-04-29 robertphillips Add sk_sp to SkSurface_Gpu and SkGpuDevice
2016-04-29 djsollen Repurpose Release_Developer BUILDTYPE and remove SK_DEVELOPER.
2016-04-29 kkinnunen Make stencils be attachable to render targets created via SkSurface::MakeFromBackendTextureAsRenderTarget

BUG=605439

CQ_INCLUDE_TRYBOTS=tryserver.blink:linux_blink_rel
TBR=stephana@google.com

Review-Url: https://codereview.chromium.org/1925393003
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#390750}

[modify] https://crrev.com/938475d078e1326dc517c4202e58531886ac777f/DEPS

It also happens on Win 10.

I believe this issue is affecting us pretty badly. See, for example, the following visualisation, where the entire browser window is corrupted, extending well outside the SVG element:

https://netograph.io/datasets/trajectories/I8-y2bsfU6Gx01fBTv6y4Q

Added csmartdalton@. Chris, do you think any of your CCPR or related work would help with this?

I would expect CCPR stroking to fix these artifacts. We use it instead of the GrAAHairlinePathRenderer specifically to fix artifacts like these.

However, it requires ES 3.0 functionality. When can canvas2d have ES 3? Or will it use oopr soon?